/ 6:23 AM

WIP 01) Research

What is it?

Down's syndrome (also called Down syndrome) is a genetic condition known as trisomy, where a person inherits an extra copy of one chromosome. People with the syndrome have three copies of chromosome 21 rather than two.

This additional genetic material changes the finely tuned balance of the body and results in characteristic physical and intellectual features.

It's not known why this abnormality occurs, but it affects around one in 1,000 babies born in the UK - about 600 babies a year - and is the most common cause of learning disability.

Different types

There are three types of Down's syndrome:

Regular trisomy 21 - all the cells have an extra chromosome 21. Around 94 per cent of people with Down's syndrome have this type.

Translocation - the extra chromosome 21 material is attached to another chromosome and one of the parents may carry the translocated chromosome without any signs of the condition themselves. This accounts for around 4 per cent of cases.

Mosaic - only some of the cells have an extra chromosome 21. Around two per cent of people with Down's have this type, which tends to result in milder features.

What are the symptoms?

Typically, people affected have a flat facial profile and eyes that slant upwards. Other facial features include smaller ears, a flat back of the head and protruding tongue.

People with the syndrome also tend to be shorter than average with poor muscle tone and have short, broad hands with a single crease across the palm.

Almost half of people affected have heart defects, some of which can be treated, some of which can't. Many also have gut problems, which can make eating difficult, and thyroid gland problems.
Other physical problems include cataracts, hearing and sight problems, and a susceptibility to infections. Later in life there's also an increased risk of leukaemia.

People with Down's syndrome have varying degrees of learning disability, which may range from moderate to severe.

Taken from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/conditions/downssyndrome1.shtml

REUSABLE/RECYCLABLE/BIODEGRADABLE BUILDING MATERIALS

Incorporating reusable/recyclable/biodegradable building materials in your project can reduce waste, pollution, and energy use. Some examples of reusable/recyclable/biodegradable building materials include:

Wood (reusable/recyclable/biodegradable)
Earthen Materials (reusable/biodegradable)
Steel, Aluminum, Iron, Copper (reusable/recyclable)
Bricks (reusable/recyclable)
Concrete (may be crushed and recycled)
Gypsum/Drywall (recyclable, sometimes biodegradeable)
Straw Bale Insulation (biodegradable)
Wool Carpet (biodegradable)
Linoleum Flooring (biodegradable)

Considerations:

Building materials composed of one substance (e.g, steel, concrete, wood, etc.), or that are readily disassembled into individual materials, are generally easiest to reuse or recycle.Materials composed of many ingredients, such as vinyl siding or wood chipboard are generally not readily reusable, recyclable, or biodegradable.Evaluate materials carefully. Are they the best choice for the application? Are they durable? Can they be readily disassembled for reuse, recycling, or biodegrading at the end of the useful life of the building?

Benefits of Reusable/Recyclable/Biodegradable Materials

The extraction, manufacture and transport, and disposal of virgin building materials pollutes air and water, depletes resources, and damages natural habitats. Construction and demolition are responsible for roughly 30% of the U.S. solid waste stream and real-world case studies by the Alameda County Waste Management Authority have demonstrated more than 85% of that material, from flooring to roofing to packaging, is reusable or recyclable.

The benefits of reusing/recycling/biodegrading building materials include:
Reduced landfill waste, reduced embodied energy, aesthetically pleasing materials, and reduced impacts from harvest or mining of virgin materials (e.g., logging old-growth or tropical hardwood trees, mining metals, etc.) Using reusable/recyclable/biodegradable materials supports companies that take the care to make such environmentally preferable products.

On the other hand, be aware that some materials should not be reused, or require remediation. Materials contaminated by hazardous substances such as asbestos and lead paint must be treated and/or disposed of properly. Avoiding materials that will cause future problems is critical to long-term waste reduction, as well as the health of our community and the planet

PROFILE: KHAIRI, WEI JIE , JASON, RICKY.
2E7

/ 6:23 AM

WIP 01) Research

What is it?

Down's syndrome (also called Down syndrome) is a genetic condition known as trisomy, where a person inherits an extra copy of one chromosome. People with the syndrome have three copies of chromosome 21 rather than two.

This additional genetic material changes the finely tuned balance of the body and results in characteristic physical and intellectual features.

It's not known why this abnormality occurs, but it affects around one in 1,000 babies born in the UK - about 600 babies a year - and is the most common cause of learning disability.

Different types

There are three types of Down's syndrome:

Regular trisomy 21 - all the cells have an extra chromosome 21. Around 94 per cent of people with Down's syndrome have this type.

Translocation - the extra chromosome 21 material is attached to another chromosome and one of the parents may carry the translocated chromosome without any signs of the condition themselves. This accounts for around 4 per cent of cases.

Mosaic - only some of the cells have an extra chromosome 21. Around two per cent of people with Down's have this type, which tends to result in milder features.

What are the symptoms?

Typically, people affected have a flat facial profile and eyes that slant upwards. Other facial features include smaller ears, a flat back of the head and protruding tongue.

People with the syndrome also tend to be shorter than average with poor muscle tone and have short, broad hands with a single crease across the palm.

Almost half of people affected have heart defects, some of which can be treated, some of which can't. Many also have gut problems, which can make eating difficult, and thyroid gland problems.
Other physical problems include cataracts, hearing and sight problems, and a susceptibility to infections. Later in life there's also an increased risk of leukaemia.

People with Down's syndrome have varying degrees of learning disability, which may range from moderate to severe.

Taken from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/conditions/downssyndrome1.shtml

REUSABLE/RECYCLABLE/BIODEGRADABLE BUILDING MATERIALS

Incorporating reusable/recyclable/biodegradable building materials in your project can reduce waste, pollution, and energy use. Some examples of reusable/recyclable/biodegradable building materials include:

Wood (reusable/recyclable/biodegradable)
Earthen Materials (reusable/biodegradable)
Steel, Aluminum, Iron, Copper (reusable/recyclable)
Bricks (reusable/recyclable)
Concrete (may be crushed and recycled)
Gypsum/Drywall (recyclable, sometimes biodegradeable)
Straw Bale Insulation (biodegradable)
Wool Carpet (biodegradable)
Linoleum Flooring (biodegradable)

Considerations:

Building materials composed of one substance (e.g, steel, concrete, wood, etc.), or that are readily disassembled into individual materials, are generally easiest to reuse or recycle.Materials composed of many ingredients, such as vinyl siding or wood chipboard are generally not readily reusable, recyclable, or biodegradable.Evaluate materials carefully. Are they the best choice for the application? Are they durable? Can they be readily disassembled for reuse, recycling, or biodegrading at the end of the useful life of the building?

Benefits of Reusable/Recyclable/Biodegradable Materials

The extraction, manufacture and transport, and disposal of virgin building materials pollutes air and water, depletes resources, and damages natural habitats. Construction and demolition are responsible for roughly 30% of the U.S. solid waste stream and real-world case studies by the Alameda County Waste Management Authority have demonstrated more than 85% of that material, from flooring to roofing to packaging, is reusable or recyclable.

The benefits of reusing/recycling/biodegrading building materials include:
Reduced landfill waste, reduced embodied energy, aesthetically pleasing materials, and reduced impacts from harvest or mining of virgin materials (e.g., logging old-growth or tropical hardwood trees, mining metals, etc.) Using reusable/recyclable/biodegradable materials supports companies that take the care to make such environmentally preferable products.

On the other hand, be aware that some materials should not be reused, or require remediation. Materials contaminated by hazardous substances such as asbestos and lead paint must be treated and/or disposed of properly. Avoiding materials that will cause future problems is critical to long-term waste reduction, as well as the health of our community and the planet